Umuyoboro uteganijwe ni uburyo bwo kuvoma hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru ni ukugabanya gutakaza ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gutwara ibitangazamakuru (nkamazi ashyushye, amavuta, namavuta ashyushye) mumiyoboro mugihe urinda umuyoboro ibidukikije. Irakoreshwa cyane mukubaka ubushyuhe, gushyushya uturere, peteroli, inganda za komini, nizindi nzego.
1. Imiterere yibanze
Umuyoboro ukingiwe mubisanzwe ni ibice byinshi bigize ibice bigizwe nibice bitatu byingenzi:
• Umuyoboro wicyuma ukora: Imbere yimbere, ishinzwe gutwara itangazamakuru. Ibikoresho mubisanzwe birimo ibyuma bidafite kashe, ibyuma bya galvanis, cyangwa imiyoboro ya pulasitike, kandi bigomba kuba birwanya umuvuduko kandi birwanya ruswa.
• Inzira yo Kwirinda: Igice cyo hagati gikomeye, gishinzwe kubika ubushyuhe. Ibikoresho bisanzwe birimo polyurethane ifuro, ubwoya bwamabuye, ubwoya bwikirahure, na polyethylene. Polyurethane ifuro ubu niyo nzira nyamukuru ihitamo bitewe nubushyuhe buke bwumuriro hamwe nubushakashatsi bwiza.
• Urupapuro rwo hanze: Igice cyo gukingira hanze kirinda urwego rwimiterere yubushuhe, gusaza, no kwangirika kwimashini. Ibikoresho mubisanzwe birimo polyethylene yuzuye (HDPE), fiberglass, cyangwa igipande kirwanya ruswa.
II. Ubwoko bw'ingenzi n'ibiranga
Ukurikije ibikoresho byo kubika hamwe nibisabwa, ubwoko rusange nibiranga nibi bikurikira:
• Umuyoboro wa polyurethane: Umuyoboro w'ubushyuhe ≤ 0.024 W / (m · K), gukora neza cyane, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, no kurwanya gusaza. Bikwiranye n'amazi ashyushye hamwe n'umuyoboro w'amazi hamwe n'ubushyuhe buri hagati ya -50 ° C na 120 ° C, ni byo byatoranijwe muburyo bwo gushyushya hagati no gushyushya hasi.
• Umuyoboro wanduye wa Rockwool: Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (kugeza kuri 600 ° C) hamwe n’umuriro mwinshi (Icyiciro A udashobora gukongoka), ariko hamwe no kwinjiza amazi menshi, bisaba kutagira ubushyuhe. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mumashanyarazi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru (nkimiyoboro ya boiler).
• Umuyoboro w'ikirahuri cy'ibirahure: Umucyo woroshye, ufite amajwi meza cyane, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwo guhangana n'ubushyuhe buri hagati ya -120 ° C kugeza 400 ° C, birakwiriye ku miyoboro y'ubushyuhe buke (nk'imiyoboro ya firigo ikonjesha ikirere) no kubika imiyoboro mu nyubako za gisivili.
III. Inyungu Zibanze
1. Kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya gukoresha: Kugabanya gutakaza ubushyuhe hagati, kugabanya ingufu zikoreshwa mubushuhe, umusaruro winganda, nibindi bihe. Gukoresha igihe kirekire birashobora kugabanya cyane ibiciro byo gukora.
2. Kurinda imiyoboro: Icyatsi cyo hanze kirinda amazi, kwangirika kwubutaka, ningaruka za mashini, byongerera igihe umuyoboro wa serivisi kandi bikagabanya inshuro zo kubungabunga.
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4. Kwishyiriraho ibyoroshye: Imiyoboro imwe ikingiwe yarateguwe, isaba gusa guhuza no kuyikoresha gusa, kugabanya igihe cyo kubaka no kugabanya ibintu bigoye.
IV. Porogaramu
• Umujyi: Imiyoboro yo gushyushya imijyi hamwe nu miyoboro y'amazi (kugirango wirinde ubukonje mu gihe cy'itumba).
• Ubwubatsi: Imiyoboro yo gushyushya igorofa mu nyubako zo guturamo n’ubucuruzi, no gushyushya no gukonjesha imiyoboro iciriritse yo guhumeka neza.
• Inganda: Imiyoboro ya peteroli ishyushye mu nganda za peteroli n’inganda, imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi mu mashanyarazi, hamwe n’imiyoboro iciriritse ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bikonje.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-26-2025