Imigozi y'icyuma irangi, izwi kandi nka coils z'icyuma zirangi, igira uruhare runini mu nganda no mu bwubatsi bwa none. Ikoresha impapuro z'icyuma zishyushye zivanze n'amazi, impapuro z'icyuma zishyushye zivanze n'amazi, impapuro z'icyuma zivanze n'amashanyarazi, nibindi nk'ibice, ikorerwa isuku ihambaye mbere yo kuvugurura ubuso, harimo no gukuraho amavuta mu binyabutabire no guhindura imiti, hanyuma igashyirwa ku rundi ruhande rumwe cyangwa nyinshi z'imyenda y'umwimerere ku buso. Amaherezo, iratekeshwa igakira kugira ngo ikore. Kubera ko ubuso butwikiriwe n'imyenda y'umwimerere y'amabara atandukanye, imigozi y'icyuma y'amabara yitirirwa izina ryayo, kandi yitwa imigozi y'icyuma ivanze n'amabara.
Amateka y'Iterambere
Impapuro z'icyuma zikozwe mu mabara zatangiriye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika hagati mu myaka ya 1930. Mbere na mbere, zari uduce duto tw'icyuma gishushanyijeho irangi, ahanini twakoreshwaga mu gukora amadirishya. Hamwe no kwaguka kw'uburyo bwo gukoresha, ndetse n'iterambere ry'inganda zikora irangi, ibikoresho bya shimi byo gutunganya mbere ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kwihutisha ikoreshwa ry'inganda, icyuma cya mbere cyo gusigaho irangi ryagutse cyubatswe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 1955, kandi irangi ryatangiye kuva ku irangi rya resin rya alkyd rigera ku bwoko bufite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ikirere cyane n'amabara atari asanzwe. Kuva mu myaka ya 1960, ikoranabuhanga ryakwirakwiriye i Burayi n'Ubuyapani kandi ritera imbere vuba. Amateka y'iterambere ry'amabara akozwe mu Bushinwa ni imyaka igera kuri 20. Umurongo wa mbere w'ikorwa watangijwe na Wuhan Iron and Steel Corporation ikomoka kuri David Company mu Bwongereza mu Gushyingo 1987. Ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gusigaho irangi ry'ibirangi bibiri n'ibirangi bibiri hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusigaho irangi ry'ibirangi, rifite ubushobozi bwo gukora toni 6.4 buri mwaka. Hanyuma, ibikoresho bya Baosteel byo gusiga amabara byashyizwe mu bikorwa mu 1988, bivanwa muri Wean United muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bifite umuvuduko ntarengwa wa metero 146 ku munota n'ubushobozi bwo gukora bwa toni 22 buri mwaka. Kuva icyo gihe, inganda zikomeye z'ibyuma zo mu gihugu n'inganda zigenga ziyemeje kubaka imirongo ikora ikoresheje amabara. Inganda zikoresha amabara zateye imbere vuba kandi ubu zakoze urunigi rw'inganda rukuze kandi rwuzuye.
Ibiranga Ibicuruzwa
1. Imitako: Imitako ifite amabara menshi kandi atandukanye, ishobora guhaza ubwiza mu nganda zitandukanye. Byaba ari bishya kandi byiza cyangwa birabagirana kandi bikurura amaso, bishobora kugerwaho byoroshye, byongera ubwiza budasanzwe ku bicuruzwa n'inyubako.
2. Ubudahangarwa ku ngaruka: Uduce twavuwe neza, hamwe no kurinda irangi ry’umwimerere, dufite ubudahangarwa bwiza ku ngaruka, dushobora kurwanya isuri y’ibidukikije bibi, kongera igihe cyo gukora, no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga.
3. Imiterere y’imiterere ya mekanike: Kubera ko iragwa imbaraga za mekanike n’imiterere yoroshye yo gukora ya plaque z’icyuma, biroroshye gutunganya no gushyiraho, ishobora guhuza n’ibikenewe mu buryo butandukanye, kandi yoroshye gukora ibicuruzwa bifite imiterere n’imiterere itandukanye.
4. Kudashira kw'umuriro: Irangi ry'umwimerere riri hejuru y'urumuri rifite uburyo runaka bwo kudashira kw'umuriro. Mu gihe habayeho inkongi, rishobora gukumira gukwirakwira kw'umuriro ku rugero runaka, bityo rikongera umutekano w'ikoreshwa.
Imiterere y'igitambaro
1. Imiterere ya 2/1: Igice cyo hejuru gitwikiriwe kabiri, igice cyo hasi gitwikiriwe rimwe, hanyuma kigatekwa kabiri. Irangi ry'inyuma ry'uru rubaho rifite ubushobozi bwo kudakira no kudatera imishwaro, ariko rifata neza, kandi rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu dupapuro twa sandwich.
2. Imiterere ya 2/1M: Ahantu ho hejuru n'aho hasi hatwikirwa kabiri kandi hagatekeshwa rimwe. Irangi ry'inyuma rirwanya ingese neza, rirwanya gushwara, rishobora gutunganya no gukora, kandi rifata neza, kandi rikwiriye ku mabaraza afite ishusho imwe n'amabara ya sandwich.
3. Imiterere ya 2/2: Ahantu ho hejuru n'aho hasi hatwikirwa kabiri kandi hagatwikwa kabiri. Irangi ry'inyuma ry'ibice bibiri rirwanya ingese neza, rirwanya gushwara no gutunganya neza. Inyinshi muri zo zikoreshwa ku bipande bifite ishusho imwe. Ariko, biragoye gufata neza kandi ntibikwiriye ku bipande bya sandwich.
Gushyira mu byiciro ibintu bito n'ikoreshwa ryabyo
1. Inzu ishyushye ikoze mu cyuma gishyushye: Inzu ishyushye ikozwe mu cyuma gishyushye iboneka hakoreshejwe irangi ry’umwimerere ku cyuma gishyushye. Uretse ingaruka zo kurinda zinc, irangi ry’umwimerere ku buso rinagira uruhare mu kurinda ukwacyo no gukumira ingese, kandi igihe cyaryo ni kirekire kuruta icya zu ishyushye ikoze mu cyuma gishyushye. Ingano ya zinc iri mu nzu ishyushye ikozwe mu cyuma gishyushye muri rusange ni 180g/m² (ifite impande ebyiri), kandi ingano ntarengwa ya zu ishyushye ikozwe mu cyuma gishyushye ikoreshwa mu nyubako hanze ni 275g/m². Ikoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, amashanyarazi, ubwikorezi n'izindi nganda.
2. Substrate ipfundikiye alu-zinc: irahenze kurusha icyuma gikingira ingano, ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, ishobora gukumira ingese neza ndetse no mu bidukikije bikomeye, kandi igihe cyo kuyikoresha ni inshuro 2-6 z'icyuma gikingira ingano. Irakwiriye gukoreshwa mu bidukikije birimo aside kandi ikunze gukoreshwa mu nyubako cyangwa mu nganda zidasanzwe zifite ubushobozi bwo kuramba cyane.
3. Substrate ifunze neza: ingana n'isahani yambaye ubusa, idafite urwego rwo kuyirinda, ifite ibisabwa byinshi byo gusiga, igiciro gito cyane, uburemere bukabije, ikwiriye ibikoresho byo mu rugo bifite ibisabwa ku buso bwiza kandi bifite ibidukikije bike byangiritse.
4. Ibyuma bya aluminiyumu-magnesiyumu-manganese: bihenze kurusha ibikoresho byabanje, bifite imiterere yoroheje, byiza, bitoroshye kubisiga, birwanya ingese, nibindi, bibereye uturere two ku nkombe cyangwa inyubako z'inganda zigomba kuramba cyane.
5. Icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma kidashonga: gihenze cyane, gifite uburemere bwinshi, gikomeye, kidashyuha cyane, kidashyuha cyane, gikwiriye ubushyuhe bwinshi, ingese nyinshi n'ibidukikije bisukuye cyane, nk'ibinyabutabire, ibitunganyirizwa mu nganda zidasanzwe.
Imikoreshereze y'ingenzi
1. Inganda z'ubwubatsi: zikunze gukoreshwa mu bisenge, ku nkuta no ku nzugi z'inyubako z'inganda n'iz'ubucuruzi nk'inganda z'ibyuma, ibibuga by'indege, ububiko, firigo, nibindi, ibyo bikaba bidatanga gusa isura nziza, ahubwo binarwanya isuri n'umuyaga no kwangirika kw'inyubako no kongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha. Urugero, ibisenge n'inkuta by'ububiko bunini bw'ibikoresho bishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuyisana no kongera ishusho rusange y'inyubako mu gihe bishimangira imbaraga z'inyubako.
2. Inganda z'ibikoresho byo mu rugo: Ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora firigo, firigo, imashini zikora imigati, ibikoresho byo mu nzu n'ibindi bikoresho byo mu rugo. Amabara yayo meza kandi irwanya ingese neza yongera imiterere n'ubuziranenge ku bikoresho byo mu rugo, ihaza ibyifuzo bibiri by'abaguzi ku bwiza no kugira akamaro.
3. Inganda zo kwamamaza: Ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibyapa bitandukanye, utubati two kwerekana, nibindi. Kubera imiterere yayo myiza kandi iramba, iracyashobora gukomeza kwerekana neza ahantu hagoye hanze no gukurura abantu.
4. Inganda zitwara abantu n'ibintu: Mu gukora no kubungabunga ibinyabiziga nk'imodoka, gari ya moshi n'amato, ikoreshwa mu gushariza no kurinda imiterere y'ibinyabiziga, amakamyo n'ibindi bice byabyo, ibyo bigatuma imiterere y'ibinyabiziga irushaho kuba myiza, ahubwo binatuma birushaho kudakira ingese.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-19-2025