Mu nganda zikora ubu, inzira zo gusiga irangi ry’icyuma kidashonga zigabanyijemo ibice bine: gusiga irangi ry’imashini, gusiga irangi ry’ibinyabutabire, gusiga irangi ry’amashanyarazi, no gusiga irangi ry’amazi. Amahame n’imiterere y’imikorere ya buri gikorwa bitandukanye cyane, bisaba guhitamo neza hashingiwe ku miterere y’ibicuruzwa, urwego rw’ibikoresho, n’ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, "inzira y’ibinyabutabire" (nk’isuka isanzwe ya mashini + gusiga irangi ry’amashanyarazi) ikoreshwa kugira ngo kunoze imikorere n’imikorere.
Gutunganya mu buryo bwa Mechanical: Ihame ryo gutunganya mu buryo bwa mechanical rikubiyemo gukoresha ibikoresho nk'amapine yo gusya, amapine ya fibre, n'amapine y'ubwoya hamwe n'ibikoresho byo gukata ubuso bw'icyuma kitagira umushongi. Inenge zikurwaho buhoro buhoro kandi ubukana bw'ubuso bugabanuka binyuze mu gutunganya mu buryo bwa mechanical, gutunganya mu buryo bwa mechanical, no gutunganya neza. Ingingo z'ingenzi zikoreshwa: Gutunganya mu buryo bwa mechanical bikoresha ipine ya 80-120 yo gusya kugira ngo bikureho ibimenyetso byo gutunganya; gutunganya mu buryo bwa mechanical bikoresha ipine ya 400-800 yo gusya kugira ngo binoze ubuso; kandi gutunganya neza bikoresha ifu ya diyama yo gusya hamwe n'ipine y'ubwoya kugira ngo bigere ku iherezo ryiza cyane. Mu gihe cyose cy'igikorwa, umuvuduko n'igitutu bigomba kugenzurwa kugira ngo hirindwe ubushyuhe bwinshi bushobora gutera kwangirika kw'icyuma. Ibyiza n'imbogamizi: Igiciro gito, ubushobozi bwo kugenzura bwinshi, bukwiriye urwego rwose rw'icyuma kitagira umushongi; icyakora, ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutunganya mu buryo bwa mechanical ku nyubako zigoye (nk'imyobo y'imbere, imigozi, n'imitwe ya tee) kandi ikunze kwibasirwa n'abantu. **Ibintu bikoreshwa:** Ibikoresho by'icyuma kitagira umushongi kandi byoroshye, nk'amasahani y'icyuma kitagira umushongi, imigozi ya valve, imiyoboro rusange, n'ibice by'inyubako.
**Gusukura hakoreshejwe imiti:**
**Ihame:** Ikoresheje ubushobozi bwo gushonga bw’uruvange rwa aside nitrike na aside hydrofluoric, ikunda kwangiza uduce duto cyane tw’icyuma kitagira umugese, bigatuma ubuso burushaho kuba bwiza. Nta mashanyarazi cyangwa ibikoresho bigoye bikenewe.
**Ingingo z'imikorere:** Genzura neza igipimo cy'umuti wo gusiga (ongeramo 5-10% bya glycerin kugira ngo wirinde ingese nyinshi) n'ubushyuhe (60-80℃). Sukura ako kanya n'amazi yakuwemo iyoni nyuma yo gusiga hanyuma uvaneho aside isigaye ukoresheje umuti wa sodium bicarbonate.
**Ibyiza n'imbogamizi:** Ishobora gutunganya ibikoresho byinshi icyarimwe, ikora neza cyane, ihendutse, ikwiriye ibice bifite inkuta nto n'inyubako zigoye; icyakora, gutunganya imyanda mu buryo bwo kuyisukura birahenze, kandi biragoye kugenzura imiterere y'ibice bigoye.
**Ibintu Bishoboka:** Gukora ibice bito kandi bigoye, nk'ibifunga by'icyuma kidashonga, imiyoboro mito ikozwe neza, n'ibikoresho byo mu gikoni.
**Gusukura hakoreshejwe imiti:** Gusukura hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi
Ihame: Hakoreshejwe icyuma kitagira umugese nk'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, umuriro w'amashanyarazi unyura muri electrolyte ya aside phosphoric-sulfuric acid. Hakoreshejwe ihame rya "gushonga kwa anode y'amashanyarazi", ubucucike bw'amashanyarazi ku buso buriyongera, bigatuma gushonga vuba no kungana na mikorosikopi, mu gihe icyarimwe hakorwa urwego rwo gusohora ibintu byinshi. Ingingo z'ingenzi mu mikorere: Kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa electrolyte kugeza kuri 55-60℃, ubucucike bw'amashanyarazi kugeza kuri 15-50 A/dm², no gukosora kugeza ku minota 5-10. Gutunganya aside nitrike nyuma birakenewe kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese. Ibyiza n'imbogamizi: Gutunganya neza cyane, hamwe n'ubucucike bw'ubuso bugera munsi ya Ra0.05μm, no kurwanya ingese cyane ugereranije no gushushanya imashini; icyakora, hakenewe ishoramari ryinshi mu bikoresho no gukora neza, bitabaye ibyo hashobora kubaho itandukaniro ry'ubucucike n'amabara menshi. Ibintu bikurikizwa: Ibikoresho bifite ibisabwa bikomeye byo kurwanya ingese no kurangiza ubuso, nk'ibikoresho byo kwa muganga, imashini zikoresha ibiribwa, ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa vacuum, n'imiyoboro y'imiti ikoresha neza.
Gusukura amazi
Ihame: Gukoresha pompe ifite umuvuduko mwinshi kugira ngo itange amazi asanzwe (ifu ya karuboni ya silikoni + polymer medium), gukata mikorosikopi bigerwaho binyuze mu gutembera ku buso bw'aho bikora. Ubu ni ikoranabuhanga rya "gutunganya neza". Ingingo z'ingenzi zikoreshwa: Hitamo ingano y'umucanga ushingiye ku murambararo w'aho bikora n'imiterere yabyo, kandi ugenzure umuvuduko w'amazi n'umuvuduko w'amazi. Umucanga urashobora kongera gukoreshwa. Ibyiza n'imbogamizi: Urashobora gutsinda inguni zidapfa inzira gakondo zidashobora kugeraho, nk'imyobo y'imbere, imyobo ihurira, n'imyobo idasobanutse; icyakora, igihe cyo gutunganya igikoresho kimwe ni kirekire, bigatuma kiba kibereye ibice bito by'ibice by'ubuziranenge. Ibintu bikoreshwa: Gutunganya ibice by'imiterere bigoye nk'udupira tw'icyuma kitagira umugese, imiyoboro y'imbere y'ubuziranenge, n'amaboko ya valve ya hydraulic.
Byongeye kandi, gusiga irangi ry'icyuma kidashonga bituma habaho imiterere itandukanye y'ubuso, nka 2D (matte), 2B (matte yoroshye, ikoreshwa cyane), BA (high gloss), No.4 (uniform reflective), HL (brushed), na No.8 (indorerwamo). Imiterere itandukanye ijyanye n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gusiga irangi kandi ni ibipimo by'ingenzi byerekana imiterere y'ibicuruzwa mu nganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2026