1. Ibiranga imikorere, imikoreshereze n'ibintu bifatika
SA302GrB ni icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gifite imbaraga nkeya za manganese-molybdenum-nickel, gikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe bwa ASTM A302, kandi cyagenewe ibikoresho bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi nk'imiyoboro y'umuvuduko n'amabati. Ibiranga imikorere yacyo birimo:
Imiterere myiza ya mekanike: imbaraga zo gukurura ≥550 MPa, imbaraga zo gukura ≥345 MPa, kurekura ≥18%, n'ubukomere bw'ingaruka byujuje ibipimo bya ASTM A20.
Imikorere myiza yo gusudira: ishyigikira gusudira arc intoki, gusudira arc munsi y’amazi, gusudira hakoreshejwe gaze n'izindi nzira, kandi hakenewe gushyushya no gutunganya ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira kugira ngo hirindwe ko hacikamo ibice.
Ubudahangarwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi no kudahangarwa n'ingese: Iguma ihamye mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya -20℃ na 450℃, ikwiriye ahantu hashobora kwangiza nk'aside na alkali.
Ingufu zoroheje kandi zikomeye: Binyuze mu gushushanya imashini nke, mu gihe bigabanya uburemere bw'inyubako, ubushobozi bwo gutwara igitutu burarushaho kwiyongera kandi ikiguzi cyo gukora ibikoresho kikagabanuka.
Ibintu bikoreshwa: ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu bijyanye na peteroli, boilers z'inganda zitanga amashanyarazi, inganda zitanga amashanyarazi za kirimbuzi, ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mazi, n'ibindi, nk'imashini zitanga amashanyarazi, imashini zitanga ubushyuhe, ibigega by'amazi, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ya kirimbuzi, ingoma z'amashanyarazi, n'ibindi.
2. Ibice by'ingenzi, ibipimo by'imikorere n'imiterere ya mekanike
Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire (isesengura ry'ishonga):
C (karuboni): ≤0.25% (≤0.20% iyo ubunini ≤25mm)
Mn (manganese): 1.07%-1.62% (1.15%-1.50% iyo ubunini ≤25mm)
P (fosforu): ≤0.035% (hari ibipimo bimwe na bimwe bisaba ≤0.025%)
S (sulfure): ≤0.035% (hari ibipimo bimwe na bimwe bisaba ≤0.025%)
Si (silicone): 0.13%-0.45%
Mo (molybdenum): 0.41%-0.64% (hari ibipimo bimwe na bimwe bisaba 0.45%-0.60%)
Ni (nikeli): 0.40%-0.70% (urugero rw'ubunini)
Ibipimo by'imikorere:
Ingufu zo gukurura: 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi)
Ingufu z'umusaruro: ≥345 MPa (50 ksi)
Uburebure: ≥15% iyo uburebure bwa gauge ari 200mm, ≥18% iyo uburebure bwa gauge ari 50mm
Imiterere yo kuvura ubushyuhe: Gutanga mu buryo bwo kuvura, kuvura + kuvura cyangwa kuvura bugenzurwa, kuvura no kuvura birakenewe iyo ubunini buri hejuru ya mm 50.
Ibyiza ku mikorere ya mekanike:
Ingano y'imbaraga nyinshi n'ubukomere: Ku mbaraga zo gukurura za 550-690 MPa, iracyakomeza kugira uburebure bwa ≥18%, bigatuma ibikoresho bidashobora kwangirika.
Imiterere y'ibinyampeke byiza: Yujuje ibisabwa ku bunini bw'ibinyampeke byiza nk'uko biteganywa n'urugero rwa A20/A20M kandi ikongera ubukana bw'ubushyuhe buke.
3. Imiterere n'ibyiza byakoreshejwe
Inganda za peteroli:
Icyitonderwa cyo gukoresha: Ikigo gishinzwe peteroli gikoresha ibyuma bya SA302GrB mu gukora imashini zitanga umuvuduko mwinshi, zimaze imyaka 5 zikora ku bushyuhe bwa 400℃ na 30 MPa nta mivuniko cyangwa impinduka.
Ibyiza: Irwanya cyane ingese ya hydrogen, kandi ipima inenge za ultrasound 100% by’ibikoresho bisudira bitanga umutekano mu bikoresho.
Ingufu za kirimbuzi:
Icyitonderwa cyo gukoreshwa: Akadomo k'umuvuduko ka reactor k'uruganda rukora ingufu za kirimbuzi gakoresha icyuma cya SA302GrB gifite ubugari bwa mm 120. Binyuze mu kuvura normalizing + temperature, ubudahangarwa bw'imirasire burushaho kwiyongeraho 30%.
Akamaro: Ingano ya molybdenum iri hagati ya 0.45% na 0.60% ibuza imirasire ya neutron kugabanuka kandi ikujuje ibisabwa na ASME.
Ikibuga cya boiler ya sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi:
Uburyo bwo kuyikoresha: Ingoma ya boiler ikoresha icyuma cya SA302GrB, ikora kuri 540℃ na 25 MPa, kandi igihe cyo kuyikoresha cyongerwaho imyaka 30.
Akamaro: Ingufu z'ubushyuhe bwinshi mu gihe gito zigera kuri 690 MPa, zoroshyeho 15% ugereranyije n'icyuma cya karuboni kandi zigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.
Ingufu zikomoka ku mazi:
Icyitonderwa: Umuyoboro w'amazi ukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi w'amashanyarazi ukoresha icyuma cya SA302GrB kandi ugatsinda ibizamini 200.000 by'umunaniro mu kirere kiri hagati ya -20℃ na 50℃.
Akamaro: Ubushyuhe buke (≥27 J kuri -20℃) buhura n'ibikenewe cyane mu turere tw'imisozi miremire.
4. Umutekano, kurengera ibidukikije n'akamaro k'inganda
Umutekano:
Yatsinze ikizamini cy’ingaruka za ASTM A20 (ingufu z’ingaruka za V-notch ≥34 J kuri -20℃), yizeza ko ibyago byo kuvunika nabi mu bushyuhe buri hasi ari munsi ya 0.1%.
Ubukana bw'agace kagizweho ingaruka n'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma cyo gusudira ni ≤350 HV kugira ngo hirindwe ko hacikamo uduce duterwa na hydrogen.
Kurengera ibidukikije:
Ingano ya molybdenum iri hagati ya 0.41% na 0.64% igabanya ikoreshwa rya nikeli kandi ikagabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Yubahiriza amabwiriza ya EU RoHS kandi ibuza ikoreshwa ry'ibintu byangiza nka lead na mercure.
Akamaro k'inganda:
Ifite 25% by'isoko ry'icyuma gikoreshwa mu byuma bikoreshwa mu gukurura umuvuduko ku isi, kandi ni ingenzi mu gushyira ibikoresho by'ingufu za kirimbuzi n'ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu mwanya wabyo.
Ishyigikira ubushyuhe bwinshi kuva kuri -20℃ kugeza kuri 450℃, kandi ikongera imikorere myiza y'ibikoresho ku kigero cya 15%-20% ugereranije n'icyuma gisanzwe cya karuboni.
Umwanzuro
Icyapa cy'icyuma cya SA302GrB cyabaye ingenzi mu bikoresho bigezweho bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi bitewe n'imbaraga zacyo nyinshi, kurwanya ingese no gusudira byoroshye. Kuringaniza umutekano wacyo, kurengera ibidukikije no kugabanya ikiguzi bituma kidasimburwa mu bijyanye n'ingufu za kirimbuzi, peteroli, ingufu, nibindi, kandi kirimo gutera imbere ibikoresho by'inganda biganisha ku cyerekezo cyiza kandi gitekanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-04-2025