Isahani y'icyuma idashira

Ibyuma birwanya kwangirika bigizwe n'icyuma gipima karubone nkeya n'icyuma kirwanya kwangirika, aho icyuma kirwanya kwangirika gisanzwe kigizwe na 1/3 kugeza 1/2 cy'ubugari bwose. Mu gihe cyo gukora, ibikoresho by'ibanze bitanga imiterere yuzuye nko gukomera, gukomera, no kudakora neza kugira ngo birwanye imbaraga zo hanze, mu gihe icyuma kirwanya kwangirika gitanga kwangirika gushingiye ku miterere yihariye y'imikorere.

Urukuta rudashira rw'imashini n'ibikoresho by'ibanze bifatanye mu buryo bw'icyuma. Hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byihariye hamwe n'uburyo bwo gusudira bwikora, insinga y'imashini ikomeye kandi yikingira ubwayo ihambirwa ku bikoresho by'ibanze. Urukuta rushobora kuba urwego rumwe, ebyiri, cyangwa nyinshi. Bitewe n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gushonga kw'imashini, imiyoboro imwe inyuranamo ivuka mu gihe cyo gushonga, ikimenyetso cy'ibyuma bidashira.

Urusobe rw'aloyi rudashira rugizwe ahanini na chromium alloy, hamwe n'ibindi bintu bivangavanze nka manganese, molybdenum, niobium, na nikeli byongewemo. Karubide ziri mu miterere ya metallographic ni fibrous, hamwe n'imigozi igana ku buso bugororotse. Ubukomere bwa karubide bushobora kugera hejuru ya HV 1700-2000, naho ubukomere bw'ubuso bushobora kugera kuri HRC 58-62. Karubide za alloy zirahamye cyane mu bushyuhe bwinshi, zigumana ubukomere bwinshi kandi zirwanya oxidation neza, bigatuma zikora neza mu bushyuhe bugera kuri 500°C.

Urusobe rw'ibice bidashobora kwangirika rushobora kugaragara mu buryo buto (2.5-3.5mm) cyangwa ubugari (8-12mm), ndetse n'uburyo bugonze (S na W). Ibi bigizwe ahanini n'ibyuma bya chromium, kandi birimo manganese, molybdenum, niobium, nickel, na boron. Carbides zikwirakwizwa mu buryo bw'imigozi mu buryo bwa metallographic, hamwe n'imigozi inyura hejuru y'ubuso. Hamwe n'ibice bya karubide 40-60%, ubukomere buto bushobora kugera kuri HV1700, kandi ubukomere bw'ubuso bushobora kugera kuri HRC58-62. Amasahani y'icyuma adashobora kwangirika agabanyijemo ibice bitatu: akoreshwa muri rusange, adashobora kwangirika n'adashobora kwangirika cyane. Ubunini bwose bw'amasahani y'icyuma adashobora kwangirika bushobora kuba buto nka mm 5.5 (2.5+3) n'ubunini bwa mm 30 (15+15). Ibyuma biramba bishobora guterwa mu miyoboro iramba ifite umurambararo wa DN200, kandi bigatunganywamo inkokora ziramba, imipira iramba n'udupira tugabanya ubukana.